Sustainable Reinforcement Yarn for Tapes
Markkula, Aldi (2018)
2018
Materials Engineering
Teknisten tieteiden tiedekunta - Faculty of Engineering Sciences
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Hyväksymispäivämäärä
2018-01-10
Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:tty-201712212477
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:tty-201712212477
Tiivistelmä
This thesis aims to increase the sustainability of reinforcement tape used in corrugated board packages. As sustainability is of high consideration in the corrugated packaging industry, developing the non-renewable resources based tape with sustainable material is expected. The objective of this study is to find the sustainable yarns available from the market and select the best alternative for the textile based reinforcement tape.
The targeted sustainable yarn should be technically sufficient for reinforcement and compatible to the tape and corrugated board production within a reasonable cost level. This study analyzed the yarns in use and reviewed the tapes with its production. The findings defined the material requirements on a set of constraints and objectives regarding sustainability, technical specifications, processability and cost. In terms of sustainability, the yarns are supposed to be based on renewable resources or recycled materials. The yarn production process is expected to involve low carbon footprints, energy consumptions and emissions. The materials should be either recyclable or compostable in its end of life. Technically, a flat continuous filament yarn is expected to have low or medium linear density, low water absorbency and high melting temperature. The technical properties are required to be of medium tenacity and elongation with low shrinkage. The yarn should be easy to process in the tape production and the cost is preferably low.
This study used material selection strategy to eliminate the unacceptable alternatives through materials screening and select the best option by ranking the alternatives. This research concluded two groups of sustainable yarns that are potential for making the reinforcement tape. They are recycled PET in polyester group, as well as Viscose and Lyocell in regenerated cellulose group. The trial production made the first tape samples with the selected yarns from materials screening. The tape samples with the yarns were evaluated and ranked in respond to the defined material requirements with weighted scores. According to the ranking result, two sustainable yarns were selected as the final selection in this study. Viscose yarn is based on renewable resources and biodegradable, but its processability and tape appearance need improvements. Recycled PET yarn is based on recycled material, it has excellent processability and provides perfect outlook of the tape. But the higher breaking force of both tape samples requires attentions. These selected yarns were used to produce engineering samples for future industrial tests.
The targeted sustainable yarn should be technically sufficient for reinforcement and compatible to the tape and corrugated board production within a reasonable cost level. This study analyzed the yarns in use and reviewed the tapes with its production. The findings defined the material requirements on a set of constraints and objectives regarding sustainability, technical specifications, processability and cost. In terms of sustainability, the yarns are supposed to be based on renewable resources or recycled materials. The yarn production process is expected to involve low carbon footprints, energy consumptions and emissions. The materials should be either recyclable or compostable in its end of life. Technically, a flat continuous filament yarn is expected to have low or medium linear density, low water absorbency and high melting temperature. The technical properties are required to be of medium tenacity and elongation with low shrinkage. The yarn should be easy to process in the tape production and the cost is preferably low.
This study used material selection strategy to eliminate the unacceptable alternatives through materials screening and select the best option by ranking the alternatives. This research concluded two groups of sustainable yarns that are potential for making the reinforcement tape. They are recycled PET in polyester group, as well as Viscose and Lyocell in regenerated cellulose group. The trial production made the first tape samples with the selected yarns from materials screening. The tape samples with the yarns were evaluated and ranked in respond to the defined material requirements with weighted scores. According to the ranking result, two sustainable yarns were selected as the final selection in this study. Viscose yarn is based on renewable resources and biodegradable, but its processability and tape appearance need improvements. Recycled PET yarn is based on recycled material, it has excellent processability and provides perfect outlook of the tape. But the higher breaking force of both tape samples requires attentions. These selected yarns were used to produce engineering samples for future industrial tests.