Micronutrient intake in Nepalese mothers and children Study of the current stage and changes over time and determinants of vitamin A and iron intake in Nepalese mothers and their children from 2001 to 2011.
HADKHALE, KISHOR (2013)
2013
International Health, HES
Terveystieteiden yksikkö - School of Health Sciences
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Hyväksymispäivämäärä
2013-10-28
Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:uta-201311261643
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:uta-201311261643
Tiivistelmä
Background: Malnutrition is a key contributor and serious public health problem in Nepal. Nutritional deficiency affects about 32 percentages of the population with approximate 26% of Nepalese consuming less than required daily intake of 2250 Kcal of energy. The national prevalence of stunting is 41% underweight and 29% and wasting 11% among children and under five years of age. Micronutrient intake particularly vitamin A and iron intake is low in both mothers and children. In recent years both supplementation and complementary feeding seem to have improved. Information on the trends in micronutrient intake and factors influencing intake will help to initiate appropriate public health interventions for improvement of the existing situation.
Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to investigate the current intake of micronutrient (Vitamin A and iron), changes over time and determinants among Nepalese mothers and children under five years of old.
Methods: The data for this study was drawn from the Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) 2001 (N = 8,726), 2006 (N = 10,793) and 2011(N= 12,674), a nationally representative survey. The micronutrients accessed in the survey were vitamin A and iron intake both as intake from food and supplements. Multilevel logistic regression was used to study the determinants of micronutrient intake.
Results: Vitamin A intake in mothers has increased from 21.1% in 2001 to 74.1% in 2006 and vitamin A supplement 2 months after delivery has increased from 11.3% in 2001 to 43.5% in 2011. Similarly iron tablet supplementation during pregnancy has increased from 57% in 2006 to 80% in 2011. Likewise vitamin A intake in children from food slightly increased from 52.5% in 2006 to 54.8%in 2011but iron intake from foods decreased from 42.1% in 2001 to 11.1% in 2011. Similarly Vitamin A supplementation has decreased from 82.5% in 2001 to 76.7% in 2011. Mothers level of education, region of residence, current age of children, mothers tobacco smoking status and mother s age at the time of pregnancy were the major socio demographic determinants of iron and vitamin A intake in mothers and children under five years of age.
Conclusion:Mothers vitamin A intake from food as well as supplementation of iron tablet during pregnancy and vitamin A intake after 2 months of delivery were increased between 2001 and 2011. However the current figure shows that vitamin A supplementation were still less than half of the mothers in 2011. Likewise vitamin A from food and supplement from capsule in children were increased during the same period. However, vitamin A intake from food was little more than half of the total children in 2011. Iron intake from food in children has decreased between 2001 and 2011, indicating the need of better planning, campaign, and more active distributional channels to increase intake of micronutrients among Nepalese children as well as in mothers.
Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to investigate the current intake of micronutrient (Vitamin A and iron), changes over time and determinants among Nepalese mothers and children under five years of old.
Methods: The data for this study was drawn from the Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) 2001 (N = 8,726), 2006 (N = 10,793) and 2011(N= 12,674), a nationally representative survey. The micronutrients accessed in the survey were vitamin A and iron intake both as intake from food and supplements. Multilevel logistic regression was used to study the determinants of micronutrient intake.
Results: Vitamin A intake in mothers has increased from 21.1% in 2001 to 74.1% in 2006 and vitamin A supplement 2 months after delivery has increased from 11.3% in 2001 to 43.5% in 2011. Similarly iron tablet supplementation during pregnancy has increased from 57% in 2006 to 80% in 2011. Likewise vitamin A intake in children from food slightly increased from 52.5% in 2006 to 54.8%in 2011but iron intake from foods decreased from 42.1% in 2001 to 11.1% in 2011. Similarly Vitamin A supplementation has decreased from 82.5% in 2001 to 76.7% in 2011. Mothers level of education, region of residence, current age of children, mothers tobacco smoking status and mother s age at the time of pregnancy were the major socio demographic determinants of iron and vitamin A intake in mothers and children under five years of age.
Conclusion:Mothers vitamin A intake from food as well as supplementation of iron tablet during pregnancy and vitamin A intake after 2 months of delivery were increased between 2001 and 2011. However the current figure shows that vitamin A supplementation were still less than half of the mothers in 2011. Likewise vitamin A from food and supplement from capsule in children were increased during the same period. However, vitamin A intake from food was little more than half of the total children in 2011. Iron intake from food in children has decreased between 2001 and 2011, indicating the need of better planning, campaign, and more active distributional channels to increase intake of micronutrients among Nepalese children as well as in mothers.