Psychological symptoms undermine the effect of patient education and social support from nurses - A structural equation modelling of coronary artery bypass grafting patients in Finland
Koivula, Meeri; Halme, Nina; Joukamaa, Matti (2008)
2008
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http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:978-951-44-7466-8
http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:978-951-44-7466-8
Tiivistelmä
Background: Coronary artery bypass grafting patients often suffer from persistent fears, anxiety and depression after surgery, but no studies are available to show how these psychological symptoms are linked to each other and affect the perceived social support.
Objectives: We developed and estimated a hypothetical model to assess the relations of anxiety, fears and depression on perceived social support and the quality of patient education among coronary artery bypass grafting patients.
Design and methods: The sample consisted of 171 coronary artery bypass grafting patients three months after surgery. The State Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale and the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale were used to assess anxiety and depression. Fear was measured using the Bypass Grafting Fear Scale. Support received from nurses and the quality of patient education was measured using the Social Support from Nursing Staff scale and the Quality of Basic Cardiac Information scale. The proposed model was assessed using structural equation modelling.
Results: The fears, anxiety and depressiveness were associated with patients’ feelings about perceived support from the nurses and the quality of patient education. Patients’ fear and anxiety increased depressiveness, leading to situations in which it is more difficult for a patient to receive emotional, informational and tangible support and patient education in general.
Conclusions: Psychological symptoms of CABG patients undermine the effects of patient education and social support from nurses.
Key words: anxiety ; coronary artery bypass grafting; depression; fear; patient education; social support; structural equation modeling
Objectives: We developed and estimated a hypothetical model to assess the relations of anxiety, fears and depression on perceived social support and the quality of patient education among coronary artery bypass grafting patients.
Design and methods: The sample consisted of 171 coronary artery bypass grafting patients three months after surgery. The State Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale and the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale were used to assess anxiety and depression. Fear was measured using the Bypass Grafting Fear Scale. Support received from nurses and the quality of patient education was measured using the Social Support from Nursing Staff scale and the Quality of Basic Cardiac Information scale. The proposed model was assessed using structural equation modelling.
Results: The fears, anxiety and depressiveness were associated with patients’ feelings about perceived support from the nurses and the quality of patient education. Patients’ fear and anxiety increased depressiveness, leading to situations in which it is more difficult for a patient to receive emotional, informational and tangible support and patient education in general.
Conclusions: Psychological symptoms of CABG patients undermine the effects of patient education and social support from nurses.
Key words: anxiety ; coronary artery bypass grafting; depression; fear; patient education; social support; structural equation modeling