Phenomenological research in the field of Infant Mental Health and Early Childhood (IECMH): A mapping review

Abstract

Infant Mental Health and Early Childhood (IECMH) is a field of study of infants and the developing relationship and the optimal development between infants and their caregivers. Phenomenological research within the well-being of infants and caregivers has core importance in the comprehension of the subjectivity of the infant and the attachment relationship. We aimed to explore and analyze, in a mapping review, how phenomenology has been used in IECMH research. The mapping review is a rigorous and systematic approach to identify and categorize the quantity of available evidence on a particular topic. We conducted a wide systematic review, including original articles globally and without a time limit. A total of 780 records were identified, and 167 original studies were analyzed inductively with content analysis. The studies present global variation and diverse phenomenological traditions. We identified that mothers and infants are mostly studied, whereas the father and extended family perspectives have remained scarce. Many studies lacked clear grounding in phenomenological philosophy or showed inconsistencies between method and phenomenological principles, underscoring the need for philosophically and methodologically coherent research. Phenomenological insights may deepen and enrich the relationships between professionals, caregivers, and infants.