A method for analyzing the ERP associated with high frequency ANT DBS offset

Abstract

Objective: We describe a sensor and source space electroencephalography (EEG) analysis method for clinically established high frequency (140 Hz) deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the anterior nucleus of thalamus (ANT). We demonstrate this by evaluating the EEG effects time locked to DBS in a single participant. Methods: We used 1 s on and 5 s off stimulation on/off durations, providing a large number of trials. After artifact cleaning, the stimulation on-off EEG were averaged, and sensor and source space signals were determined and assessed. Results: We found an event-related potential (ERP) time locked to the DBS stimulation offset. Source localization analysis revealed that the main sources of this ERP were localized in the limbic system (Papez circuit). Further, the sources in the anterior cingulate cortex were found to oscillate in synchrony with the ERP. Conclusions: This study shows that time-locked EEG analysis related to monopolar bilateral 140 Hz ANT DBS stimulation is feasible. Significance: The developed toolset reveals novel time-locked effects of high frequency ANT DBS on brain activity, which shows the future potential of sensor and source space analysis for DBS. The ERP findings might also prove useful in the optimization of epilepsy treatment with ANT DBS.