Developing a theory of collaboration in construction based on its characteristics and indicators

Abstract

Purpose – The significance of collaboration is continuously increasing alongside the growing complexity and interdependency in construction projects. In this regard, collaboration is regarded as a crucial element for success in construction projects, especially complex ones. Therefore, collaboration has become a significant research topic in recent years. Despite this increasing interest, our understanding of collaboration in construction is primarily limited to practical aspects, including processes, professional roles, delivery models and procurement structures. Consequently, there is a noticeable lack of a theoretical foundation for collaboration within this domain. To address this gap, this study aims to explore characteristics of collaboration in construction, identify indicators of those characteristics and then use both of them as a basis for developing a theory of collaboration in construction. Design/methodology/approach – A systematic literature review was conducted, followed by content and thematic analysis of extracted data. The results of the content analysis were further analyzed using an abductive approach to develop the theory. Findings – The study presents a theory of collaboration in construction that answers six core questions (what, why, how, when, where and who) expected of a theory. Additionally, it reveals characteristics of collaboration and its indicators. Originality/value – This study enhances theoretical understanding of collaboration in construction by providing a structured foundation for future research and practical applications. The findings could aid efforts to establish a basis for measuring and improving collaboration within the industry.