A Multi-Criteria Approach to Electro-Mechanical Actuator Selection in Non-Road Mobile Machines

Abstract

The electrification of non-road mobile machines has gained momentum due to tightening emissions regulations. However, linear actuating systems in these machines often remain hydraulic, despite advancements in electro-mechanical actuators (EMAs), which offer benefits such as improved energy efficiency, controllability, and noise reduction. Selecting EMA for diverse applications involves complex trade-offs, requiring detailed simulations that can increase time-to-market. To address this, a novel EMA selection tool has been developed, incorporating a scaling algorithm to adjust operating points for lower force and velocity constraints. The tool evaluates EMA alternatives based on productivity, size and cost using a multi attribute decision-making approach, supported by a modified analytic hierarchy process to weight design criteria. The tool is tested on two non-road mobile machines—an excavator, and a forest forwarder—using duty cycle data generated using the co-simulation models based on Mevea and Matlab/Simulink simulation environments. This structured approach aims to streamline EMA selection, accelerate electrification adoption, and promote sustainable solutions in non-road mobile machines.