CD3+ and CD8+ T cell-based immune cell score as a prognostic factor in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma

Abstract

Background and purpose: Immunoscore® is a prognostic parameter based on densities of lymphocyte populations in the tumor center and invasive margin. Immunoscore® is validated in colorectal cancer as a high Immunoscore® is associated with longer survival. Previous studies have suggested that Immunoscore® may also predict oncological outcomes in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). This study aims to assess the prognostic role of immune cell score in ccRCC. Material and methods: All patients with ccRCC undergoing surgery between 2007 and 2020 in Central Finland Central Hospital were retrospectively identified. CD3+ and CD8+ cell densities were calculated from tissue samples to determine the immune cell score using Immunoscore® principles. Receiver-operating characteristic analysis, Kaplan–Meier survival curve, and Cox regression were used to evaluate the association between immune cell score and survival. Results: A total of 203 patients (mean age 66.5 years) were identified. The median follow-up time was 6.2 years. Based on the immune cell score, the patients were divided into three groups: low, intermediate, and high. In Cox regression analysis, adjusted with age, sex, and Charlson Comorbidity Index, no significant differences in disease-specific mortality were observed among the three groups. The hazard ratios (HRs) for disease-specific mortality were 0.93 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.48–1.79) and 1.12 (0.52–2.37) for intermediate-and high-immune cell score groups when compared to low-immune cell score group, respectively. Interpretation: This study found no association between immune cell score and survival. These results indicate that immune cell score may not serve as a prognostic tool in ccRCC.