Refractive index of human articular cartilage varies with tissue structure and composition

Khan, Bilour; Nippolainen, Ervin; Shahini, Fatemeh; Torniainen, Jari; Mikkonen, Santtu; Nonappa, Santtu; Popov, Alexey; Toyras, Juha; Afara, Isaac O. (2023-11-21)
 
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Khan, Bilour
Nippolainen, Ervin
Shahini, Fatemeh
Torniainen, Jari
Mikkonen, Santtu
Nonappa, Santtu
Popov, Alexey
Toyras, Juha
Afara, Isaac O.
21.11.2023

Journal of the Optical Society of America A: Optics and Image Science, and Vision
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doi:10.1364/JOSAA.498722
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https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:tuni-202405276319

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<p>Optical properties of biological tissues, such as refractive index, are fundamental properties, intrinsically linked to a tissue s composition and structure. This study aims to investigate the variation of refractive index (RI) of human articular cartilage along the tissue depth (via collagen fibril orientation and optical density) and integrity (based on Mankin and Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) scores). The results show the relationship between RI and PG content ( p=0.042), collagen orientation ( p=0.037), and OARSI score ( p=0.072). When taken into account, the outcome of this study suggests that the RI of healthy cartilage differs from that of pathological cartilage ( p=0.072). This could potentially provide knowledge on how progressive tissue degeneration, such as osteoarthritis, affects changes in cartilage RI, which can, in turn, be used as a potential optical biomarker of tissue pathology.</p>
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