Incorporation of a nitric oxide donor into bioactive cement

Abstract

The goal of this project was to investigate the nitric oxide release of cement fabricated with chitosan, 1393B20 bioactive glass, and S-nitroso-N-acetyl-DL-penicillamine (SNAP) to decrease the need for antibiotics and the effects of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The focus was to verify the stability of SNAP in an acidic medium and to investigate the release of SNAP from samples containing different concentrations after being submerged for varying lengths of time. Cements were prepared with different amounts of SNAP obtaining three different concentrations. A release test was performed by soaking the cements in ultra-pure water up to 24 hours in a static incubator at 37°C. After each time point, the samples were removed, and the liquid and solid phases were separated. The solid phases were dried in a fume hood and the liquid phases were freeze-dried to stop any reaction from continuing. Ultraviolet spectroscopy was performed on the liquid samples to measure the absorbance and to verify the release of SNAP. Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR) spectroscopy was performed on each of the components individually and in combination to explore the stability of SNAP in aqueous media.