Materials Used in Engineered Heart Tissues
Abdel Hafez, Malak (2024)
2024
Bachelor's Programme in Science and Engineering
Tekniikan ja luonnontieteiden tiedekunta - Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
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Hyväksymispäivämäärä
2024-11-20
Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:tuni-202408278364
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:tuni-202408278364
Tiivistelmä
Cardiovascular-related diseases are the leading cause of death globally. The treatment methods used in treating cardiovascular diseases like heart transplantation have limitations like donor shortages and risk of rejection. This demand for new treatment is high. A possible treatment option is using cardiomyocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs-CM) in engineered heart tissue or EHTs to repair the heart.
This study aims to review and explore the effectiveness of different materials used in the EHTs by comparing the results yielded by articles and research in that field.
The findings demonstrated that incorporating more than one cell type and material in the EHTs improved cardiac function, infarct size, and remuscularization. Incorporating mechanical and electrical stimulation greatly impacted the EHTs, resulting in better alignment of the cells, more efficient electrical signaling, and a stronger, more coordinated contraction of the tissue.
While EHTs hold promise for treating cardiovascular diseases, several challenges need to be addressed. These include the maturation phenotype of hiPSC-CMs and the safety of hiPSC- derived tissues. As well as improving the scalability and reproducibility of EHT production and ensuring the long-term viability and integration of transplanted tissues within the patient's heart. Additionally, understanding the immune response to hiPSC-derived tissues and mitigating the risk of arrhythmias are crucial areas for future investigation. Overall, while significant progress has been made, the transition from experimental models to widespread clinical use necessitates continued innovation and collaboration across multiple disciplines. Further research is still needed to develop safe and effective treatments that can provide long-term solutions for cardiovascular disease. The development of new biomaterials and the improvement of cell technologies can significantly affect the development of EHT technology and its clinical use in the future.
This study aims to review and explore the effectiveness of different materials used in the EHTs by comparing the results yielded by articles and research in that field.
The findings demonstrated that incorporating more than one cell type and material in the EHTs improved cardiac function, infarct size, and remuscularization. Incorporating mechanical and electrical stimulation greatly impacted the EHTs, resulting in better alignment of the cells, more efficient electrical signaling, and a stronger, more coordinated contraction of the tissue.
While EHTs hold promise for treating cardiovascular diseases, several challenges need to be addressed. These include the maturation phenotype of hiPSC-CMs and the safety of hiPSC- derived tissues. As well as improving the scalability and reproducibility of EHT production and ensuring the long-term viability and integration of transplanted tissues within the patient's heart. Additionally, understanding the immune response to hiPSC-derived tissues and mitigating the risk of arrhythmias are crucial areas for future investigation. Overall, while significant progress has been made, the transition from experimental models to widespread clinical use necessitates continued innovation and collaboration across multiple disciplines. Further research is still needed to develop safe and effective treatments that can provide long-term solutions for cardiovascular disease. The development of new biomaterials and the improvement of cell technologies can significantly affect the development of EHT technology and its clinical use in the future.
Kokoelmat
- Kandidaatintutkielmat [8918]