Street-connected children; experiences of reintegration programs

Abstract

The phenomenon of street connected children is still prevalent despite decades of intervention. Although several developed states have managed to keep children from possible street connections, in some middle income and developing countries the matter continues to persist. Industrial countries seem to struggle the most, with inadequate government interventions, lack of resources, poverty and social instability. Children often find themselves engaging with the street to a vary extent through varied activities. Undoubtedly and empirically, persistent connection to the street is detrimental to children’s wellbeing and their growth. Often the survival tactics and experiences of street connected children infringe several of their basic rights. Therefore, there is a need for sustainable solutions that can address the matter. The challenges faced by street children are commonly known, and there are various intervention programs that are at play across the globe applying various theories & strategies. The programs are often influenced by economic, political, social, and familial factors, as well as practitioners, among other influences. There is a need to evaluate the programs and to weigh their successes and shortcomings alike. The results will support the improvement of existing programs and the development of new interventions. This case study aims to deepen the understanding of street connected children’s experiences of reintegration programs. To achieve the aims of this study, 10 children were interviewed in the spring of 2020. Various ethnographic practices were utilized to gain access to the research field. Retrieved data were processed through qualitative data analysis. The results showed that street connected children have dynamic and varying experiences of reintegration, and they were thematically grouped. Although the children often had positive experiences with immediate caregivers, certain family members or staffers acted harmfully towards the children. A lack of resources geared towards such aspects as program implementation, the training of caregivers, and basic needs was evident. Government officials seemed to lack proper training, structures and resources on how to handle the children. Despite these challenges, children exuded hope for their future and longed for improved programs aimed at reintegration. This study shows that despite the detrimental experiences of street connected children at home, on the street, in rescue centers, education centers and training centers, children’s spirit is unwavering and they continue to hope for a better future. The positive experiences can be further emphasized and negative experiences can be addressed through resources, training, as well as structural and legal mechanisms. Evidently, there is a need for further program evaluations that include children’s input. In particular, successful methods that have been used locally and elsewhere should be of key relevance.