Influence of shadows caused by buildings on the power output of photovoltaic generators.
Plaisier, Ayrton (2017)
2017
Electrical Engineering
Tieto- ja sähkötekniikan tiedekunta - Faculty of Computing and Electrical Engineering
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Hyväksymispäivämäärä
2017-06-07
Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:tty-201705121387
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:tty-201705121387
Tiivistelmä
Shadows caused by clouds, trees, buildings and other structures cause the photovoltaic power installation to produce less energy. When installing a PV-generator these shadows should be taken into account when calculating the power output of this installation. Specifically the power losses from the shadows caused by trees and buildings should be avoided and can be predicted by calculations. If these energy losses are too big it is recommended to remove the object causing the shadow or to reposition the PV-installation.
In this thesis, the effect of shadows caused by buildings is examined more in detail because these shadows are very predictable and more easily simulated than shadows caused by trees or moving clouds. The goal is to achieve some values for the power and energy losses. For these simulations the same setup is always used so that the differences are more clear when different inputs for irradiance values are used.
As an input for the irradiance three different values have been used. As a first case a set value of 1000 W/m² has been chosen as the irradiance insolating the PV-installation. Because this value is constant the first simulations are more straightforward and don’t take the fewer irradiance in the morning and evening into account. Secondly, the measured irradiance from the TUT PV-plant have been used. This data has been recorded for a couple of years now. The shadow caused by the building is then implemented in the irradiance curve from the selected day. Since there is data available from a couple of years already, the shadow can be added to clear sky days as well to cloudy days. The use of a cloudy day is used as the third case.
To see the influence of the shadow in a more practical way, the data from a whole month is used. Each day the building causes the shadow around noon when the losses are the highest. In this way the energy losses are more realistic than when only clear sky days are used to observe the losses.
In this thesis, the effect of shadows caused by buildings is examined more in detail because these shadows are very predictable and more easily simulated than shadows caused by trees or moving clouds. The goal is to achieve some values for the power and energy losses. For these simulations the same setup is always used so that the differences are more clear when different inputs for irradiance values are used.
As an input for the irradiance three different values have been used. As a first case a set value of 1000 W/m² has been chosen as the irradiance insolating the PV-installation. Because this value is constant the first simulations are more straightforward and don’t take the fewer irradiance in the morning and evening into account. Secondly, the measured irradiance from the TUT PV-plant have been used. This data has been recorded for a couple of years now. The shadow caused by the building is then implemented in the irradiance curve from the selected day. Since there is data available from a couple of years already, the shadow can be added to clear sky days as well to cloudy days. The use of a cloudy day is used as the third case.
To see the influence of the shadow in a more practical way, the data from a whole month is used. Each day the building causes the shadow around noon when the losses are the highest. In this way the energy losses are more realistic than when only clear sky days are used to observe the losses.