Convergent Evolution of Argonaute-2 Slicer Antagonism in Two Distinct Insect RNA Viruses

van Mierlo, Joel; Bronkhorst, Alfred; Overheul, Gijs; Sadanandan, Sajna; Ekström, Jens-Ola; Heestermans, Marco; Hultmark, Dan; Antoniewski, Chistophe; van Rij, Ronald (2012)
 
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van Mierlo, Joel
Bronkhorst, Alfred
Overheul, Gijs
Sadanandan, Sajna
Ekström, Jens-Ola
Heestermans, Marco
Hultmark, Dan
Antoniewski, Chistophe
van Rij, Ronald
2012

Plos Pathogens 8 8
1-13
Biolääketieteellisen teknologian yksikkö - Institute of Biomedical Technology
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doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002872
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https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:uta-201210161057

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Public Library of Science open access
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RNA interference (RNAi) is a major antiviral pathway that shapes evolution of RNA viruses. We show here that Nora virus, a natural Drosophila pathogen, is both a target and suppressor of RNAi. We detected viral small RNAs with a signature of Dicer-2 dependent small interfering RNAs in Nora virus infected Drosophila. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the Nora virus VP1 protein contains RNAi suppressive activity in vitro and in vivo that enhances pathogenicity of recombinant Sindbis virus in an RNAi dependent manner. Nora virus VP1 and the viral suppressor of RNAi of Cricket paralysis virus (1A) antagonized Argonaute-2 (AGO2) Slicer activity of RNA induced silencing complexes pre-loaded with a methylated single-stranded guide strand. The convergent evolution of AGO2 suppression in two unrelated insect RNA viruses highlights the importance of AGO2 in antiviral defense.
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