Influence of polar and unpolar silica functionalization on the dielectric properties of PP/POE nanocomposites

Abstract

This study focuses on the influence of polar and unpolar surface functionalization of silica on the dielectric performance of PP/POE (polypropylene/poly(ethylene-co-octene)) nanocomposites. The silica fillers were surface-modified with unpoalr trimethylethoxysilane (TMES) or polar 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES). Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Thermogravimetric analysis were performed and confirmed qualitatively and quantitatively the successful silica-silane modification. Silica/PP/POE nanocomposite films were prepared using a mini-extruder. Scanning Electron Microscope images showed good dispersion of the modified silica in the PP/POE matrix. However, the polar silica cluster size (300 nm) is slightly larger than the one of the unpolar silica (100 nm). Thermally Stimulated Depolarization Current (TSDC) characterization data showed that the polar silica introduced deeper charge traps than the unpolar one, which also showed higher trap density. The apparent conductivity measured during the TSDC poling phase indicated that the polar silica filled nanocomposites featured very fast polarization to reach the saturation state, while the unpolar silica had a rather slow polarization rate. From Pulsed Electroacoustic Analysis it was obvious that the space charge is suppressed by addition of the polar silica, but increased by the presence of the unpolar silica.