Thermogravimetric analysis of resized glass and carbon fibers
Lessa Belone, Maria Clara (2019)
2019
Materiaalitekniikan DI-ohjelma - Degree Programme in Materials Science and Engineering
Tekniikan ja luonnontieteiden tiedekunta - Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
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Hyväksymispäivämäärä
2019-09-17
Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:tuni-201909013084
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:tuni-201909013084
Tiivistelmä
The demand in growth for composite products over the years has as a consequence increased the volume of composite waste, requiring adequate waste management beyond incineration or landfilling practices. Current composite recycling methods cause an unwanted decrease in the mechanical performance of the recovered fibers due to the deterioration in their capacity to effectively interact with the polymeric matrix. Resizing the recycled glass and carbon fibers is a strategy to enable the rescue of their properties and, thus, the reuse of them on a new composite.
This work focuses on the characterization of recycled and resized glass fiber and carbon fiber by Fourier transform infrared analysis (FTIR) and mainly by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Fibers were resized with solutions containing different concentrations of coupling agent and film former, in which the coupling agent was added only in the resizing formulation of the recycled glass fibers. Moreover, a study about the extraction of the resizing layer on the fiber’s surface by solvent and by burning is performed. The aim of this work is to determine the amount and composition of sizing on the fibers after the resizing process as well as the accuracy of TGA in the sizing characterization. The understanding of the resized fiber’s surface is important to the development of a suitable resizing method that could contribute to add value to the recycled and resized fibers and make them attractive to the market.
As a result, the characterization methods have detected the presence of the sizing layer on the fiber’s surface in all studied samples. Furthermore, the amount and composition of this layer was determined. The extraction process revealed that the resizing layer had both physisorbed and chemisorbed portion either for recycled glass fibers or recycled carbon fiber. On the TGA technique, the analysis was not greatly affected by varying the heating rate from 10 K/min to 5 K/min, but great change occurred when furnace’s atmosphere was changed from nitrogen to air. In addition, TG analysis presented inaccuracies due to the small amount of sizing on the surface comparing to the mass of the fibers that was inserted on the crucible. Then, the use of other characterization methods were important to have better comprehension about the samples.
This work focuses on the characterization of recycled and resized glass fiber and carbon fiber by Fourier transform infrared analysis (FTIR) and mainly by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Fibers were resized with solutions containing different concentrations of coupling agent and film former, in which the coupling agent was added only in the resizing formulation of the recycled glass fibers. Moreover, a study about the extraction of the resizing layer on the fiber’s surface by solvent and by burning is performed. The aim of this work is to determine the amount and composition of sizing on the fibers after the resizing process as well as the accuracy of TGA in the sizing characterization. The understanding of the resized fiber’s surface is important to the development of a suitable resizing method that could contribute to add value to the recycled and resized fibers and make them attractive to the market.
As a result, the characterization methods have detected the presence of the sizing layer on the fiber’s surface in all studied samples. Furthermore, the amount and composition of this layer was determined. The extraction process revealed that the resizing layer had both physisorbed and chemisorbed portion either for recycled glass fibers or recycled carbon fiber. On the TGA technique, the analysis was not greatly affected by varying the heating rate from 10 K/min to 5 K/min, but great change occurred when furnace’s atmosphere was changed from nitrogen to air. In addition, TG analysis presented inaccuracies due to the small amount of sizing on the surface comparing to the mass of the fibers that was inserted on the crucible. Then, the use of other characterization methods were important to have better comprehension about the samples.